Ultra-Wideband Channel Measurement and Modeling for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Wearable Device

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) has impacted our lives in impressive ways, it is one of the high potential areas with enormous benefits, especially for the short-range communication. With more discoveries, technology changed and the importance of wideband network was favored over narrowband. Officially, in the year 1933, Armstrong found and recognized the advantages of wideband signaling. Later, UWB was coined and took a fast pace and changed the conduct of the society in many ways. The most significant part about UWB is its applications, one of the claims i.e., Off-body is thoroughly studied and analyzed throughout the thesis.We performed one of the first vertical link channel studies with Off-body channel characterization with one UWB antenna patch on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and another antenna at different body locations on a real human subject for the frequency bandwidth of 3.1-10.6 GHz in different environments such as anechoic, indoor, and outdoor. The main purpose is to monitor how UWB system is affected by both large and small-scale fading, that's why it was worth taking measurements in all three settings for the analysis. Also, it was critical to pick one best distributions among Lognormal, Rayleigh, Nakagami, Normal, Weibull, Gamma, Exponential and Rician using Akaike Information Criteria (AIC). The path loss varies in different environments, and its exponent becomes important parameter to be determined for all three settings.It was interesting to study how UWB characteristics varied with different environments. The delay profiles such as power delay profile (PDP), root mean square (RMS), maximum excess and mean excess delays were analyzed. For all the analysis, we used two small, light weighted compatible antenna patches, which supported UWB bandwidth and consumed less power so that it could be safely attached to a human body.Our work is mainly focused on the detailed understanding of standard UWB path loss and delay spreads for the communication channel between UAV and wearable. We believe this study would help us in understanding UWB Off body characteristics thoroughly and would also help in health monitoring and improvising the optimum location of the human body tag.Electrical Engineerin

Unmanned aerial vehicle-to-wearables (UAV2W) indoor radio propagation channel measurements and modeling

In this paper, off-body ultra-wide band (UWB) channel characterization and modeling are presented between an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a human subject. The wearable antenna was patched at nine different body locations on a human subject during the experiment campaign. The prime objective of this work was to study and evaluate the distance and frequency dependent path loss factors for different bandwidths corresponding to various carrier frequencies, and also look into the time dispersion properties of such unmanned aerial vehicle-to-wearables (UAV2W) system. The environment under consideration was an indoor warehouse with highly conductive metallic walls and roof. Best fit statistical analysis using Akaike Information Criteria revealed that the Log-normal distribution is the best fit distribution to model the UWB fading statistics. The study in this paper will set up a road map for future UAV2W studies to develop enhanced retail and remote health-care monitoring/diagnostic systems

Expanding Avenue of Fast Neutron Mediated Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement

Fast neutron (FN) radiation mediated mutagenesis is a unique approach among the several induced mutagenesis methods being used in plant science in terms of impacted mutations. The FN mutagenesis usually creates deletions from few bases to several million bases (Mb). A library of random deletion generated using FN mutagenesis lines can provide indispensable resources for the reverse genetic approaches. In this review, information from several efforts made using FN mutagenesis has been compiled to understand the type of induced mutations, frequency, and genetic stability. Concerns regarding the utilization of FN mutagenesis technique for a plant with different level of ploidy and genome complexity are discussed. We have highlighted the utility of next-generation sequencing techniques that can be efficiently utilized for the characterization of mutant lines as well as for the mapping of causal mutations. Pros and cons of mapping by mutation (MutMap), mutant chromosome sequencing (MutChromSeq), exon capture, whole genome sequencing, MutRen-Seq, and different tilling approaches that can be used for the detection of FN-induced mutation has also been discussed. Genomic resources developed using the FN mutagenesis have been catalogued wooing to meaningful utilization of the available resources. The information provided here will be helpful for the efficient exploration for the crop improvement programs and for better understanding of genetic regulations